Victimology: Crime and Deviant Place Theory

Victimology neither a victim nor an offender be. Caution is a pargonnt of safety. Victimology is the scientific study of victimization, including the relationships betwixt victims and offenders, the int date of referencections between victims and the condemnable-justice system, and the connections between victims and other social groups and institutions. Victimology as an academic term contains two elements one is the Latin word Victima which translates into victim and the other is the Greek word give-and-take which means a system of knowledge, the direction of slightlything abstract, the direction of teaching, science, and a discipline.The concept of victim dates back to ancient cultures and civilizations, much(prenominal) as the ancient Hebrews. Its original implication was rooted in the idea of sacrifice or scapegoat the execution or casting out of a person or animal to satiate a deity or hierarchy. Over the centuries, the word victim came to have additional meanings. The field of victimology emerged in the 1940s when two European criminologists named Von Hentig and Mendelsohn, often called the fathers of victimology, began analyse crime victims. They suggested the possibleness that the victims behavior and attitude caused the crime to be committed.The field of victimology originally devoted most of its energy to examining the numerous ways victims shared the responsibility of specific crimes with the miserable offenders. For a long beat, criminologists focused their attention strictly on the role of the criminal. But over the years, it has been discovered that the role of the victim is truly very important as well, as it eject influence fate and shape and motivate a criminal. Today, there are a number of theories attempting to inform victimization and its causes.A few of the most common and important theories are the victim precipitation theory, the lifestyle theory and the deviant place theory. The victim precipitation theory suggests tha t some large number cause or initiate a particular confrontation that may eventually lead to that person becoming victimized by injury or death. Such precipitation on part of the victim can either be active or passive. Active precipitation exists when the victim knowingly acts in a provocative manner, uses fighting words or threats, or simply attacks first.Passive precipitation however, occurs when the victim contains characteristics that unknowingly motivates or threatens the attacker. Such crimes can exist due to personal conflicts such as two individuals competing for a love interest, a promotion, a job, or any other desirable or rare commodity. A woman may receive a promotion and become a victim of violence because of the jealousy of individual she may or may not even know. Such precipitation may as well as exist when a victim is part of a particular group that offends or threatens someones economic well-being, status or reputation. Next is the lifestyle theory.Many criminolo gists believe that those whose lifestyle increases criminal exposure are more likely to become victims of crime. Behaviors such as deprivation out late at night, associating with younger men, and residing in cities increases the probabilitys of falling victim to crime. Those who choose high-risk lifestyles which include taking drugs, drinking, and participating in criminal activities run a much higher risk of becoming victims. Also, the more prison term someone is exposed to street life, the greater their chance of becoming victims. teen men in particular have a very high risk of victimization.College students who tend to spend several nights partying each week are also more likely to be at risk than those who avoid such unstable lifestyles. Those who commit crimes increase their chances of becoming victim of crimes as well. Another theory is the deviant place theory. This theory holds that victims do not motivate crime nevertheless rather are prone to becoming victims simply b ecause they live in social areas that are disorganized and contain high-crime rates and therefore have the highest risk of coming into contact with criminals regardless of their lifestyle or behavior.The more someone visits a high-crime area, the more chances they will have at becoming a victim. However, there is a lot we can do to prevent ourselves from being a victim. Some of the ways to prevent yourself from being victimized are protect your vulnerability, be careful about the company you keep, lock up your valuables, spend some extra money on security. These are just a few of the things an individual can do to protect themselves from becoming victims of crimes. They may seem easy, nonetheless not everyone takes advantage of the precautions.To protect your vulnerability basically means to not let your guard shovel in in front of too many people that you do not know on a personal level. Do not allow yourself to become involved in anything where anyone may have the chance to blac kmail you. Live your life in reproach and protect your reputation. Protecting your vulnerability ties in with being careful about the company you keep. Keep a small group of friends instead of letting yourself become impersonally involved with large groups of individuals. In addition, do not let strangers enter your nursing home.Sometimes when an individuals car breaks down they may need to use the phone, well if this ever happens to you, ask them what number they want to dial and you dial it for them. Also, developing a blueprint of behavior allows bad guys to plan an attack or ambush, to track someones comings and goings. So they can plan when they can safely break into apartment. The time variation of coming and going, routes to work, school, gym or sometimes even coffeehouse seems to be solution to some extent. President Barack Obama goes for a run, or even travels anywhere, he never goes the same route twice.Sometimes we become a victim of situation. For example, you leave wo rk late one night, and get stuck in the elevator, long everyone else has gone home you fall asleep on the subway and wake up lost you get in a car wreck and skid off the road, down a 200 foot hill into a ravine, hidden from sight of the road. For that reason letting someone know when you are doing something different or going someplace you have not been before is probably would be better. It goes without saying that some of the crimes we attracting when we look like a potential target.Victims of violent crimes like a mugging or robbery call attention to themselves by either being oblivious to their surroundings or by looking helpless. It reminds one charade about attention that tells You probably wont be robbed by screaming out Rob Me but you definitely will be by walking and texting at the same time. It is not a paradox but underworld has more victims than anything else.People who involve themselves in criminal activities for example such as fraud, assault, forgery, manslaughter, terrorism, robbery etc.considered to be at the high risk to be a victim. Some of them become addicts or have nothing but debts to the old age and others found dead somewhere. Criminal world has his own fictional rules, which creates a vision of order and stability for beginners but in founder of unquestioning obedience. Of course living by such rules breaks our real laws approved by society and government. But the thing is law enforcements chances to help if you are in criminal world become null and void.So even someday if you will be ready to get rid of a criminal past, criminal past probably will not be ready to let you go. From my point of view, today when we are living in technologically developed era proverb as Caution is a parent of safety should be taken into account more seriously. Consciously involving in criminal activities means striking percentage of ending up dead or at least in jail because it is easier to trace illegal actions now, but at the same time naked photo of yours could be seen everywhere once you put it on Facebook.